Lesson 10_2020

International Law

in relation to

is  referred to as

is derived  from

on the law of treaties

defines a treaty as

originates from

to be bound by/to

entitled to something

A binding source of law

binding supranational law

a signatory part

 

Videos: 

• Introduction to International Law [fantastic series of lessons about International law]
• Source of International Law

Reading 1: International Law pp 94-96 ex 2-5
Reading 2 ex 7-9

newsworthy reports: 

• what's the point of having an International Law
• the need for successful lawyers to study international law
• Can International law meet the challenges of today's lawless conflicts 
• international law requires marriage equality

Prepositions:

1. Parties to a treaty
2. ....the treaty is in force
3. ....a signatory to a convention
4. Under the Convention on the Rights of the Child
5. ...are entitled to special protection
6. International laws apply to the citizens
7. ...regulations are binding on Partner States

Intergovernmental organizations

No significant differences:
Conventions – Vienna Convention 

• agreemments
• charters
• framework conventions deal with very broad areas

United Nations 

• UNited Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
• United Nation Charter
• The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
• The World Health Organization
• The World Intellectual Property Organization

Listening 9.1

Text analysis audio transcript 9.1 pag 136

Collocations - phrasal verbs - idiomatic expressions - collocations

•  to have a considerable impact on (sth/so)
• to have a considerable impact in (place)
• to be seen in the context of
• a growing concern
• to rely on
• to accuse someone over/of sth
• to go up to
• to call in
• to have right to ..
• the right of someone to ....
• to take actions against ..
• social dumping
• wage dumping
• collective bargaining
• fair working conditions
• regardless of ...

Self study

List of legal systems 
• Civil Law 
• Common Law 
• Religious Law (Muslim Law, Hindu Law, Jewish Law) 
• Chinese Law 
• Socialist Law

Reading 3 pp 100 ex 17-20

Language focus: page 105 ex 1-3

Lesson 9_2020

Revision Vocabulary: real property law

• deposit
• lien
• conveyance
• tenancy agreement
• mortgage
• escrow
• easement
• cadastral register
• chain of title
• capital appreciation
• stamp duty
• purchase price
• notorial deed
• encombrances
• survey
• boundaries

Reading 1 Litigation and Arbitration pp 83-84 ex 2,3

Focus on language: How do you say that … in Italian?

• Dispute resolution
• Disputing parties
• Litigation (court proceedings/ lawsuit)
• Settlement (resolution of a dispute)
• Hearing [the hearing was adjourned]
• Pleading: formal statement served by each party to a lawsuit to one another, and containing their respective positions (allegations, claims, defences, denies) ["counsel for the plaintiffs wanted to amend the pleadings"]
• to plead for 
• to plead guilty/not guilty
• Out –of-court settlement
• Binding (obligatory) decision/agreement/arbitration
• non-binding agreement
• to be bound by sth (legally obligated) "bound by the terms of the contract"
• to be bound to sth/sb "Judges are bound to the law"
• Legal fees
• To settle a dispute
• To reach a settlement
• To enforce/deliver judgment
• To save money on
• To threaten to sue
• To face court proceedings/litigation costs
• To deny accusations
• To pursue a claim
• In connection with

Examples of disputes:• Dispute over people's behaviour may involve conflict between neighbours over anti-social behaviour (loud parties or verbal abuse)
• Business disputes can involve different interpretation of the terms of a contract, or questions over whether a contract has been breached, and what remedies/damages are appropriate.
• Planning disputes include situations where, for example, a property owner plans to construct a new building, or improve an existing building. (ie planning permissions)
• Environmental disputes include disputes over resources and questions over who has the right to exploit those resources, and at what cost to the environment. 

ADR: Alternative Dispute Resolution:

• negotiation: participation is voluntary and there is no third party who facilitates the resolution process or imposes a resolution
• arbitration:participation is typically voluntary, and there is a third party who, as a private judge, imposes a resolution. Arbitrations often occur because parties to contracts agree that any future dispute concerning the agreement will be resolved by arbitration.
• mediation:there is a third party, a mediator, who facilitates the resolution process (and may even suggest a resolution, typically known as a "mediator's proposal"), but does not impose a resolution on the parties
• 
  

Article: 
Litigation and Arbitration in Italy  by A. Auricchio et al, pp 111-119
Alternative dispute resolution in Italy 

European Commission: ADR in Italy 

Reading 2 letter of invitation pp 85-86 ex 7 - ref to ELSA (European Law Students' association 

Grammar Practice:

• Present Continuous
• Will vs Going to 

Reading 3 Avoiding litigation page 88 ex 14-16
Reading 4 Cost of litigation page 89 ex 18-21

Reading 5 Letter before action pp 89-91 ex 22-28

COLLOCATIONS

adverb-adjective

• strictly private and confidential
• fully entitled
• shortly forthcoming

adverb-verb

• strenuously denies
• recently informed

adjective-noun

• confidential information
• previous criticism
• a positive asset
• a substantial increase
• constructive dismissal (licenziamento senza giusta causa)
• excellent prospects
• exemplary damages
• alternative means
• satisfactory proposals

Self Study

Listening 1 Question and answer session

pag 87 ex 10-12 peanut kernel case

Listening 2 Lawyer-client interview pp 91-91 ex 29-32
Language Focus page 93