Studenti_Inglese Legale

Lo scopo di questo blog è quello di interpretare le esigenze degli studenti di giurisprudenza che si avviano allo studio del "Legal English". Nello specifico, familiarizzare con le diverse tipologie di documenti legali, nonchè analizzare le peculiarità del linguaggio giuridico inglese. Ci saranno attività di ascolto, lettura e comprensione, progetti di glossari per area di studio, batterie di esercizi per rinforzare il lessico specialistico e migliorare le strutture grammaticali.

giovedì 31 maggio 2018

Lesson_12_2018

Laboratorio

Studenti lavorano sul consolidamento di tutte le unit - Si discutono le risposte sul gruppo di facebook
Per ogni esercizio gli studenti sono pregati di avviare un nuovo post
Appuntamento previsto per lunedi 4 a partire dalle ore 8:00

Lesson 11_2018

Dal text book

Esercizi di consolidamento Unit 1 - Unit 10 da completare - Gli studenti possono postare le loro risposte sul gruppo di facebook. In questo caso occorre tuttavia utilizzare il copia e incolla di tutto l'esercizio e inserire le risposte nel commento .. in modo tale che anche altri possano intervenire..

Sample exam Paper da stampare e completare - Questo è un esempio tipico del tipo di esame che verrà somministrato.

giovedì 24 maggio 2018

Lesson_10_2018

Rules for the protection of personal data inside and outside the EU.

How businesses are being affected

Revision Reading 4 (Unit 9)

How to read a decision of the Supreme Court

cer•ti•o•ra•ri n. [Law.]

Law a writ issuing from a superior court calling up the record of a proceeding in an inferior court for review. Also called writ of certiorari.

Etymology: 15th Century: from legal Latin: to be informed

Microsoft CORP. v. AT&T CORP
to file an infringement suit
to charge Microsoft with liability for
to be liable under s.271(f)
to be entitled to
damages for breaches of its patent
to be liable for sth
the court's hearing
exception to the general rule
the reasoning behind
under what circumstances

How cases are referenced:

in Common Law: by name "Dononghue vs Stevenson"
in Civil Law: by number "Decision n. 2014-446 QPC du 20 Janvier 2015"

Unit 10 - Reading 1 Comparative Law pp 106-107 ex 1-3

List of legal systems

• Civil Law

• Common Law

• Religious Law (Muslim Law, Hindu Law, Jewish Law)

• Chinese Law

• Socialist Law

Some video lessons on the difference between common law and civil law

Reading 2 pp107-108 ex 4-6

Self Study
Reading 3 Asset protection pp 112-113 ex 25-28

Text analysis: Discourse markers for text cohesion pag 112 ex 28

giovedì 17 maggio 2018

Lesson_9_2018

International Law

Videos:

Introduction to International Law [fantastic series of lessons about International law]

Source of International Law

Reading 1: International Law pp 94-96 ex 2-5
Reading 2 ex 7-9

newsworthy reports:

Prepositions:

Parties to a treaty
....the treaty is in force
....a signatory to a convention
Under the Convention on the Rights of the Child
...are entitled to special protection
International laws apply to the citizens
...regulations are binding on Partner States

Intergovernmental organizations

No significant differences:
Conventions – Vienna Convention

agreemments
charters
framework conventions deal with very broad areas

United Nations

Listening 9.1

Text analysis audio transcript 9.1 pag 136

Collocations - phrasal verbs - idiomatic expressions - collocations

to have a considerable impact on (sth/so)
to have a considerable impact in (place)
to be seen in the context of
a growing concern
to rely on
to accuse someone over/of sth
to go up to
to call in
to have right to ..
the right of someone to ....
to take actions against ..
social dumping
wage dumping
collective bargaining
fair working conditions
regardless of ...

Self study

List of legal systems
• Civil Law
• Common Law
• Religious Law (Muslim Law, Hindu Law, Jewish Law)
• Chinese Law
• Socialist Law

Reading 3 pp 100 ex 17-20

Language focus: page 105 ex 1-3

mercoledì 16 maggio 2018

Lesson_8_2018

Reading 1 Litigation and Arbitration pp 83-84 ex 2,3

Focus on language: How do you say that … in Italian?

Disputing parties
Litigation
Settlement
Hearing
Pleading: formal statement served by each party to a lawsuit to one another, and containing their respective positions (allegations, claims, defences, denies)
Out –of-court settlement
Binding decision
Legal fees
To settle a dispute
To reach a settlement
To enforce/deliver judgment
To save money on
To threaten to sue
To face court proceedings/litigation costs
To deny accusations
To pursue a claim
In connection with

Examples of disputes:• Dispute over people's behaviour may involve conflict between neighbours over anti-social behaviour (loud parties or verbal abuse)
• Business disputes can involve different interpretation of the terms of a contract, or questions over whether a contract has been breached, and what remedies/damages are appropriate.
• Planning disputes include situations where, for example, a property owner plans to construct a new building, or improve an existing building. (ie planning permissions)
• Environmental disputes include disputes over resources and questions over who has the right to exploit those resources, and at what cost to the environment.

ADR: Alternative Dispute Resolution:

negotiation: participation is voluntary and there is no third party who facilitates the resolution process or imposes a resolution
arbitration:participation is typically voluntary, and there is a third party who, as a private judge, imposes a resolution. Arbitrations often occur because parties to contracts agree that any future dispute concerning the agreement will be resolved by arbitration.
mediation:there is a third party, a mediator, who facilitates the resolution process (and may even suggest a resolution, typically known as a "mediator's proposal"), but does not impose a resolution on the parties

Article: Alternative dispute resolution in Italy

European Commission: ADR in Italy

Reading 2 letter of invitation pp 85-86 ex 7 - ref to ELSA (European Law Students' association

Grammar Practice:

Reading 3 Avoiding litigation page 88 ex 14-16
Reading 4 Cost of litigation page 89 ex 18-21

Reading 5 Letter before action pp 89-91 ex 22-28

adverb-adjective

strictly private and confidential

fully entitled

shortly forthcoming

adverb-verb

strenuously denies

recently informed

adjective-noun

confidential information

previous criticism

a positive asset

a substantial increase

constructive dismissal (licenziamento senza giusta causa)

excellent prospects

exemplary damages

alternative means

satisfactory proposals

Self Study

Listening 1 Question and answer session

pag 87 ex 10-12 peanut kernel case

Listening 2 Lawyer-client interview pp 91-91 ex 29-32
Language Focus page 93

giovedì 3 maggio 2018

Lesson_7_2018

Revision vocabulary

to advise a client ___ a matter
a breach __ contract
Commercial law is governed ___ international treaties
An agent works ____ behalf ____ a principal
to apply ____ an internship
a contract comes _____force

to secure a payment
to enforce law
to grant an indemnity

Unit 7: Real property law
pp. 72-73 ex 1-3 Instruments and people in real property law

lease= (contratto di locazione) o meglio diritto di godere di un immobile per un certo tempo.
licence = licenza d'uso
deed = atto (notarile)
tenant
landlord
heir
grantor = concessore
grantee = beneficiario
licencee
Language use: Forming adjectives with negative prefixes pag. 74 ex 5,6

Reading 2: Real Property investment law ex 7, 9

Key terms 2: Buying real property ex 16

Language notes:
I termini "freehold" e “leasehold” sono entrambi termini di matrice feudale, che rappresentano due sistemi tipici per possedere una proprietà in UK .
Il primo possiamo renderlo con “proprietà fondiaria assoluta/libera” Chi acquista una “freehold” proprietà diventa “freeholder” e acquisisce il massimo dei poteri possibili su quell’immobile e senza alcun limite di tempo;

Rientrano nell'istituto di freehold:
• Fee simple = diritto assoluto sulla proprietà
• fee tail = Il beneficiario ha un diritto limitato in quanto non può vendere il bene ma solo tramandarlo ai suoi eredi; la proprietà ha un vincolo inalienabile
• life estate = il bene è di proprietà del beneficiario solo per la durata della sua vita
• Estate pur (pour) autre vie = simile al life estate ma il bene è di proprietà del beneficiario per la durata della vita di una terza persona. For example, if Bob is given use of the family house for as long as his mother lives, he has possession of the house pur autre vie

Leasehold, pur traducendosi con proprietà in affitto, si riferisce alla locazione del suolo. Il termine fa riferimento ad un rapporto giuridico in base al quale un soggetto detto lessor(locatore) conferisce al lessee (locatario) un diritto esclusivo di proprietà sull’immobile per un periodo di tempo determinato, di solito per una consideration detta ground rent . Deve essere sottolineato che il lease si differenzia profondamente dalla locazione così come intesa nei sistemi civilistici, soprattutto per il fatto che il titolare del lease è titolare di un diritto di natura reale sull’immobile, dove invece il locatario dei sistemi di civil law può vantare soltanto un diritto di credito nei confronti del locatore. Quando si acquista una proprietà con leasehold bisogna prestare attenzione alle covenants, ossia le obbligazioni alle quali il lessee è tenuto ad osservare, la cui presenza rappresenta una delle particolarità più difficile da accettare per chi è abituato al sistema civilistico.
Dal Il sole 24 ore "A Londra la proprietà è del re"
From the Telegraph "How much of the UK does the Queen own?"

Act of conveyance: (atto di cessione) transfer of title in land from one person to another

Goods and chattels: beni ed effetti
title interest: diritto nel titolo, interest in the real property
Lease/let/rent vb. They are used interchangeably – More common:
To lease/let property to somebody and rent property from somebody
Lease= n. the agreement
Rent= n. the money to be paid
inheritable = passed on to heirs

References
Buy to let investment
Real Estate in Italypros & cons of leasehold

Statute of frauds
The statute of frauds del 1677 fu la prima legge nel sistema inglese a prevedere la forma scritta ad probationem, ossia la possibilità di far valere in giudizio un contratto che è e rimane valido di per sé. Successivamente il Law of Property Act 1925 ritenne obbligatoria la forma scritta ad probationem solo per i contratti aventi per oggetto la proprietà o altri diritti reali su beni terrieri e il Law Reform (Enforcement of Contracts) Act 1954 stabilì che detta forma fosse da ritenersi necessaria per i contratti di garanzia.[read more..]Traditionally, the statute of frauds requires a writing signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought in the following circumstances:
• Contracts in consideration of marriage.
• Contracts which cannot be performed within one year.
• Contracts for the transfer of an interest in land. Contracts by the executor of a will to pay a debt of the estate with their own money.
• Contracts for the sale of goods above a certain value.
• Contracts in which one party becomes a surety (garanzia acts as guarantor) for another party's debt or other obligation.

Law students often remember these circumstances by the mnemonic "MYLEGS" (marriage, year, land, executor, goods, surety). It is important to note that in the United States, each State; in Canada, each province; and in Australia each State has its own variation on the statute of frauds, which may differ significantly from the traditional list.

Self Study

Key terms: pp 77-79 ex 16-23
Preparare un glossario specifico per "real property law" ex: escrow (account/agreement) = deposito in garanzia
Listening 2 page 78 ex 19-23